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Inclusion criteria :

* Patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosed for at least 1 year before the screening visit, receiving 1 or 2 OADs that can be biguanide, thiazolidinedione, alpha-glucosidase-inhibitor, sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor; sulfonylurea, rapid-acting insulin secretagogue, or dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitor.
* Signed written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria:

* At the screening visit: age \<20 years.
* At the screening visit: HbA1c \<7.5% or \>10%.
* At the screening visit: fasting plasma glucose (FPG) \>250 mg/dL (13.8 mmol/L).
* Pregnancy or lactation, women of childbearing potential with no effective contraceptive method.
* Use of oral or injectable glucose-lowering agents other than those stated in the inclusion criteria during the 3 months before the screening visit.
* Previous treatment with insulin (except for short-term treatment due to intercurrent illness including gestational diabetes at the discretion of the trial physician).
* Laboratory findings at the screening visit, including:
* Amylase and/or lipase \>3 times the upper limit of the normal laboratory range (ULN),
* Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) \>3 ULN,
* Calcitonin ≥20 pg/mL (5.9 pmol/L),
* Positive serum pregnancy test.
* Contraindication to use of lixisenatide according to the local labeling. History of hypersensitivity to any glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) or to metacresol.
* Contraindication to use of insulin glargine according to the local labeling. History of hypersensitivity to insulin glargine or to any of the excipients.
* Patient who has a severe renal function impairment with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) \<30 mL/min/1.73m\^2 or end-stage renal disease for patient not treated with metformin.
* Personal or immediate family history of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) or genetic condition that predisposes to MTC (eg, multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes).
* History of pancreatitis (unless pancreatitis was related to gallstones and cholecystectomy has been performed), pancreatitis during previous treatment with incretin therapies, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatectomy, stomach/gastric surgery.

The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.

• Adachi-Ku, Japan
• Arakawa-Ku, Japan
• Atsugi-Shi, Japan
• Bunkyō City, Japan
• Chiba, Japan
• Chigasaki-Shi, Japan
• Chiyoda-Ku, Japan
• Chiyoda-Ku, Japan
• Chūōku, Japan
• Chūōku, Japan
• Fujimi-Shi, Japan
• Fukuoka, Japan
• Fukuoka, Japan
• Hachioji-Shi, Japan
• Hakodate-Shi, Japan
• Hamamatsu, Japan
• Hiki-Gun, Japan
• Iruma-Shi, Japan
• Ise-Shi, Japan
• Isehara-Shi, Japan
• Izumisano, Japan
• Kashiwa-Shi, Japan
• Kasugai-Shi, Japan
• Kawagoe-Shi, Japan
• Kawagoe-Shi, Japan
• Kawaguchi-Shi, Japan
• Kawaguchi-Shi, Japan
• Kawasaki-Shi, Japan
• Kawasaki-Shi, Japan
• Kitakyushu-Shi, Japan
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