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Inclusion Criteria:

* Patient infected with HIV-1 and not co-infected with HIV-2
* Age ≥ 18 at enrollment
* Able to give written consent
* Covered by French Social Security
* accept the constraints imposed by the study
* without antiretroviral therapy for ALT, HIC and ALT HIC groups and a control of viral load after antiretroviral treatment interruption in PTC group

ALT group: Documented HIV-1 seropositive for at least 8 years with a CD4 count above 600/mm3 with a rate stable or increasing (positive or zero slope) on at least three consecutive examinations performed during the last 5 years regardless of the viral load in the absence of antiretroviral treatment

HIC group: HIV-1 Seropositivity known for at least five years, asymptomatic, with the last 5 viral loads in HIV-RNA consecutive \<400 copies / mL regardless of CD4 count in the absence of antiretroviral treatment

ALT HIC group: HIV-1 seropositive known for at least 8 years and CD4 cell counts greater than 600/mm3 with a rate stable or increasing (positive or zero slope) on at least three consecutive examinations performed during the last 5 years and with the last 5 viral loads in HIV-RNA consecutive \<400 copies / mL in the absence of antiretroviral therapy.

PTC group: Patients with plasma HIV RNA \> 2000 copies/mL before initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Treatment started during the primary infection (as defined by symptoms associated with seroconversion, as confirmed by a first negative ELISA and/or an incomplete P24-positive Western blot) or during the chronic phase of infection, and maintained for at least 12 months in both cases. Control of viral load after antiretroviral treatment interruption: patients must have at least two available viral load assays after stopping antiretroviral therapy. All viral loads must be \<400 copies/mL for 12 months or more after stopping antiretroviral therapy, with the possible exception of one blip (one viral load above 400 copies/mL between two viral loads \<400 copies/mL at least one month apart from the blip; in this case at least three viral load assays will be required). The last plasma viral load value at the time of inclusion must always be \<400 copies/mL

Exclusion Criteria:

Under protection(saving) of justice

• Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France